human activities

we observe that the people are engagel in some activities.those works which are performed by human beinged in order to satsfy their neds are known as human activities .a lecturer teaches in the college farmers work in the field workers work in industries players plays game these are related with human activities human activity includes eating walking working singing teaching etc some activities are performed for  money and some are performed for their own satisfaction on the basis of nature of work human activities can be classified into economic activities

Economic activities
those activities that are performed to earn profit or monetary gain are known as economic activities economic activities are concerned with production distribution exchange and consumption the main purpose of such activity is to create wealth and earn money
Example of economic activities
a person works in office salary  a farmer works in the field for wages   a sells sells the goods for earning profit  a lecturer teaching in a college for fees  a writer writes books for certain amount of money in  terms of royalty etc
Types of economic activities

economic activities are broadly classified into three types they are as follows
business business is an economic  activity which is performed to earn money it is one of the most important  economic activities it involves the production distribution and exchange of goods and services in business investors invest the amount in order to earn profit
Employment                                 
it is a contract or agreement between employer and employee employer hires the employees for work employees exchange the lador in terms of money
profession
profession means type of job that needs special training or knowledge skill and ability for example profession of doctor profession of lawyer profession  of teacher etc
Non-economic activities
those activities that are performed for mental satisfaction are known as non economic activity non -economic activities are performed to satisfy human feelings or sentiments such as religious work love and terms of monetary value examples of non economic activity are
pray to god goddess for mental peace satisfaction providing relief to the victims of flood and earthquake engaging in sports activities for satisfaction a leader contributes the time for society etc

Types of non economic activities
Non-economic activites are broadly classified into three types .they are as follows. personal activities ;individuals personal works for own satisfaction are called personal activities .these activities are
concerned with their personal and family matters.  father spend money for his   son,s study is a personal activity .social activities .all the activities performed for the sake of society with out any profit motive  are called social activities  a personal   contributes money for hospital is  one example of social activity .religious activities .all the activities which are performed for religious work are called religious activities .a person contributes money for building a temple is a religious activity  introduction of business  a concept of business  human beings perform various various activities in their daily life but business an  economic activity which is concerned with earning money .the literal meaning of business is ;state of being busy ''but technically the word business includes all  numerous activities concerned with earning money .business can be defined as any form of human activity involving money .business can be defined as any form of human activity involving in production and purchase of goods in order to sell them at a profit .therefore ,mere  production and purchase of goods for owns' consumption is not business .saving for profit is essence of any     business .sometimes due to some known and unknown reasons a business may suffer loss. it is the process of creating  customers by providing satisfaction through goods or services .
 some of the important definitions which are mentioned below ,draw our attention for further understanding .according of the oxford dictionary -'the activity of making ,buying ,selling or supplying goods or services for money is called business '.according to c.f
conclusion of  business
business an economic activity of human beings .it produces the goods and service for earning profit .business means the state of being busy . business is the sub system of economic of economic system .business is the business is the  investement  of resources money ,lador  material ,technology etc .for returning profit .business is the sum of activity which is concerned with production ,distribution and auxiliary functions to satisfy changing needs and demand of the costumers . business is an industrial and commercial activity.
charctetistics of business  business is the from of human activity involving in production and purchase of goods with a view to sell them at profit .business has certain characteristics which are listed and explained below ;
human activity ;business is a human activity and henceno business can be done without human beings .production of goods and service is made for the fulfillment of the objectives of human beings .
economic activity 
business is an economic activity it is concerned with earning profit and generating wealth by the production and distribution of goods and service .business creates utility to satisfy the human wants to earn profit 
entrepreneur entrepreneur is a person who invests capital for the establishment of business .they take overall risk and responsibility .they directly or indirectly manage the business organization using their knowledge ,skills and ability .
production and sales of goods and service .business is concerned with the production and sales of goods and service .it never production goods services for self consumption ;but for selling to customers .buying and selling of goods and services is the essence of every business .








.addot -'busi









 usm
modem concept of business 
modern concept means new or currently used concept ,according to this concept  ,business is the money ecquiring activity .it considers business not as an end but a valuable means to achieve an end .its ain is to maximize sales at any cost .business involves all activities which are related to production additional and exchanges of the goods and service for generating additional money or profit through consumer satisfaction .








 addot-' business without profit is not a business 'according to l.h haney  all the human activities directed towards acquiring or generating wealth through buying and selling goods and services; according to keith and  carlo  'business is a sum of aii activities involved in production  and distribution of goods and service for
private profits' from analyzing the various definitions we can have different concepts of business which are stated as follwos                      
classical concept of dusiness
classical concept means traditional concept .according to this concept business is money earning ectivity .it considers dusiness  as an end but not as a means. its aim is to maximize profit at any cost .it is only concerned with production of the goods and services









risk and uncertiainty ; there is uncertainty in the business. anything can happen in future and loss may occur in business .there are so many environmental factors that affect the business organization directly or indirectly such and as introduction of government policy etc
profit motive
earning profit is the primary function of business .each and every organization is established for profit which is essence for the growth  and expansion and as well as fir the powerful motivation for every business man .
continuous process  production of goods and service is the continuous process of every business an isolated transaction cannot be called business ;even if a person earns profits .therefore the exchange of goods and services should be performed regularly 
satisfaction of costumers ;the aim of business is to satisfy human wants by providing goods and services .the existence and expansion of business largely depends upon the liking of products by the costumer otherwise the business may not survive for long .satisfaction         costumer is the modern concept of business    
finance ;finance is an important factor to form a business .without proper arrangements of finance business organization cannot be established .finance is necessary for providing fixed and working capital .without its proper availadility ,all other factor of production can not be acquired
organizing ;organizing the intergrating process of all activities such as allocating and distributing limited resources,optimally and scienatifically to get the desired result it also includes esablishing authority .responsibitity relationship creating organizationl structure and assigninig job or duties to the various department individuals of  the organization of the organization for the achievement of organizational objectives
.industry ;industry  is the that type of business which is directly involved in the productionor manufactur of goods .it brings the raw materials from different places and converts them into finish products through the processing .the human and  mechanical power is used in production of goods .different types of production are production from industries .some examples stated below
cloth factory production cement .milk factory production  on the basis of nature of goods produced industry can be classified as fallows
genetic industry ;the term genetic means heredity .the industry which is engahed in the reproduction of plants ,animals  and species for  earning profit is known as genetic industry .such industries are primarily natural as they do not need technologies .poultry farming ,animals husbandry ,plant nurseries are some examples of genetic industry .extractive industry .the industry which is engagened in extracting or taking out the products from the source of nature is called extractive industry .extractive industries are primarily natural as they dont need technogies .fishing lumbering ,mining ,quarrying etc are examples of such industry it supplies basik raw materials to other industrie
construction industry
the industry which is involved in the construction of infrastructures like building ,roads ,bridridges ,dams etc is called construction industry .This industry is large -scale industry through the high investment .they play important  role for the development of nation Generally such industries use raw materials produced by raw manufacturing industries .
manufacturing  industry
The industry which is involved in the manufacturing goods through mechanical process is known as manufacturing industry .These industries convert raw material into finished goods .such industries use different plants machineries etc for manufacturing goods .the examples of this industry etc .manufacturing industry ,synthetic industry ,assembling industry .they are explained below ;
Analytical industry
The industry that produces goods by analyzing the raw materials in scientific way .Asingle mateials can be analyzed to produce two or more than two types of goods in analytical industry. Inthis industry various goods are produced from single or one raw material,for example ,crude oil in to diesel ,petrol etc .
synthetic lndustry ;
The industry which is engaged for the production of single goods and services by using various raw material,is known as synthetic industry .In another word, synthetic industry is rhat industry which produces single produces. For example ,cement from store ,Gypsum,coal etc .glass from silica, sodium carbonate etc
processing Industry;
the industry which is engaged for the production of goods and services by using step or process is known as processing industry.such industryies  use process ing machines to produce ,finissh goods .for example, threads industry produces the thread then handover to fabric industry and fabric industry produces the cotton then handover to readymade garment produces the rwadymade cloth in different sizes .For example
cotton to cloth
sugarcane to sugar
Grass to paper
Assembling industry;
the industry that is engaged for the production of goods and service by assembling or combining different parts which are already produced by different industries is known as asembling industry. For examples ;vehicles ,computers, T.v radio etc .
commerce;
commerce is the from of business, concerned with buying ,selling and marketing of goods and service .It is the economic activity that removes the hindrances of person ,place time, exchange ,risk information etc
commerce  is related with distribution and exchange of goods and service .,it also involves various quxiliary services like transportation, banking ,insurance etc .the purpose of commerce is to provide goods and services at right time at right place. it creates time ,place and possession utility .
commerce is classified in to two types.
Trade
aidstotrade auxiliaries of trade .
Trade
trade is related with buying and selling goods and services for money .It establishes the relation between consumer and producer by supplishes the relation between consumer and producer by supplying quantitative  goods at reasonable price and at the same place and time .
The activity of buying and selling that takes place in the market is known as trade .In other words, it is the exchange of goods and services with money .It the common from of business that spreads in different places.
Home Trade. Foreign Trade
Home trade ;
Home trade is known as internal trade .It is related with trading the goods and services within the geographical iocation of the nation. In home track both consumers and producers are From the same nation.Home trade is alsofurther classified as follows;
wholesale trade
wholesale trade means buying goods  and services in large quantity from the producer and suppliers. It establishes the relishes the relation between  producer and retailer .
Retail Trade  ;
retail tradsemeans buying goods and services from wholesale in larg quantity and supplying these goods and services to the consumers in small quantities .It establishes the relation beteeen wholesaler and consumer .
Foreign Trade ;
foreign Trade means trade of goods and services witthin the geographical location of two or more countries .foreign trade is made in foreign currencies .Foreign trade can be classified as follows ;
Import Trade
Export Trade
Entre port Trade
Import trade .purchasing gooods and services from other countries is known as import trade .
Export Trade  ;selling goods and services to other countries  for generating money is known export trade .
Enteport Trade ;buying goods and services from other countries and suplying these goods and services to the third country is known as entreport trade .
Aids to trade ;Aids to trade are those components or elements which  supper for trading goods and services .It involves fallowing elements .
Transportation .transport is helpful in trade and commerce because it is engaged in transfer of goods from one place to another .it creates the place utility by bringing the goods from place of production to place of consumption .Quick and Economical means of transport such  as railway ,road way ,airway and shipping has wiened  the scope of trade to involve in the international transaction .
Insuranc .Insurance is an instition that reduces the risk as a cooperative device .Insurer and insured are the two main parts of insurance .It is a contract between insurer and insured when insured is ready to pay money and insurer agreed to compensate at the time of loss
Banking ;bank and financial institutions provide credit facilites to the business to the business firm .banks also facitlitate  business activities by providing safe and quick means for remittance of money